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Updated by: Izzy B.
Updated on: 4/16/25
Est. time to read: 9 mins.

5 Things to Know About Weight Distribution Hitches

If your trailer’s swaying, your steering feels sketchy, or your headlights are aimed at the stars, it might be time for a weight distribution hitch. A weight distribution hitch helps level your rig, reduce trailer sway, and give you better control on the road. It can correct rear-end sag, improve braking and steering, and—when paired with sway control—make towing a whole lot less stressful. It also lets you safely tow up to the full capacity your hitch is rated for.Read on to learn:

1. What is a Weight Distribution Hitch, and How Does It Work?

What is a Weight Distribution Hitch?

A weight distribution hitch is designed to create a level, stable ride when you’re towing a trailer. It works by distributing your trailer’s tongue weight across all the axles of your tow vehicle AND the trailer itself. This helps keep your towing setup level, improves handling on the road, and prevents the weight of your trailer from putting too much stress on your tow vehicle.When you tow a heavy trailer without a weight distribution hitch (or WDH for short), you're setting yourself up for some serious issues on the road (we're talking problems with braking, steering control, visibility, and trailer sway, to name a few).
Weight Distribution Hitch

What Happens to Your Vehicle When you Tow a Trailer?

To understand why a weight distribution hitch works, it's important to know what happens to your vehicle when you're towing a heavy trailer. When you tow with a standard, rear-mounted hitch, your trailer's tongue weight is transferred directly to the rear axle of your tow vehicle. This can cause your vehicle's back end to sag, and the front end to lift up in the air (this is especially the case for vehicles that have suspension systems designed for comfort, over rugged utility). When this happens, your vehicle's rear axle is bearing the weight of your trailer, plus around 60% of the weight of your entire tow vehicle. On top of that, when the front-half of your vehicle is pointing up at the sky, your tires are going to struggle to make contact with the ground (hence the braking and steering issues we mentioned). Not to mention, your view of the road could be limited, and you're much more likely to struggle with trailer sway.
Vehicle and trailer without weight distribution
Without a weight distribution hitch: the additional weight of the trailer on the vehicle's rear axle causes the vehicle's back end to sag, and the front end to point upward.
Vehicle and trailer with weight distribution
With a weight distribution system: weight is evenly distributed across the towing setup, and everything remains level and balanced.

How Does Weight Distribution Help?

A typical WDH system uses adjustable spring bars and tension to distribute weight evenly between your trailer and the tow vehicle. This works because the spring bars apply leverage to either side of your towing setup, transferring some weight to your tow vehicle’s front axle, as well as your rear axle and trailer axles. With the load shared more evenly, your trailer and tow vehicle can stay nice and level, planted firmly on the ground.In short: By improving the balance of your tow vehicle and trailer, a WDH system enhances vehicle control (steering, braking, etc.), minimizes trailer sway, and reduces the stress on your suspension.

2. When Do You Need a Weight Distribution Hitch?

Your tow vehicle’s owner’s manual is the go-to source for safe towing guidelines—including whether or not you’ll need a weight distribution hitch. For example, the manual for a 2018 Chevy Traverse specifies that both weight distribution and sway control are required when towing more than 5,000 lbs. Following these recommendations isn’t just good practice—it’s essential for safety and can help you avoid potential issues with liability or insurance coverage down the line.Even if you're within your vehicle's towing limits, there are signs that a weight distribution hitch might still be a smart upgrade. You should consider using a WDH if:
  • Your trailer weight (GTW) is more than 50% of your vehicle's weight (GVWR)
  • The rear of your tow vehicle sags when the trailer is hooked up
  • You experience trailer sway
  • Your tow vehicle's headlights point upward
  • You find it difficult to steer or stop your rig
  • You want to tow as close to your vehicle’s max towing capacity as possible
Weight Distribution on Truck

Weight Distribution vs. Airbags

What's the difference between weight distribution and airbags in terms of reducing rear-axle sag? We actually get this question a lot, so the people clearly want to know! The answer is honestly pretty straightforward:Vehicle sag due to heavy payload in the truck bed: use airbagsVehicle sag due to trailer's tongue weight: use weight distribution
Weight Distribution Level Correction

3. Does a Weight Distribution Hitch Increase Towing Capacity?

Short answer: No. A weight distribution hitch doesn’t boost your hitch’s towing capacity—it just allows you to use your hitch to its full, rated potential (if it’s designed for weight distribution). Some Class III, IV, and V hitches are rated for use with these systems, but not all, so it's important to check your hitch’s label for both standard and weight distribution capacities.It’s also worth noting that a weight distribution hitch won’t increase your vehicle’s towing capacity. Your towing setup is only as strong as its weakest link, so always go by the lowest-rated component—whether that’s the vehicle, hitch, or any other part of the system. Ignoring those limits can lead to equipment damage or even failure, so be sure to stick with what your gear is safely rated for. Also, remember that not all hitches are designed for use with weight distribution systems. Always check your trailer hitch's weight rating label for its weight distribution towing capacity. If that capacity isn't listed, then a weight distribution system cannot be used.
Weight Distribution Sticker Label - With vs Without Weight Distribution
Example: The top sticker indicates that a weight distribution hitch may be used. Using weight distribution will allow you to tow up to 12,000 lbs rather than 8,000 lbs. The bottom label indicates that a weight distribution hitch may not be used.

4. Can Weight Distribution Be Used with Surge Brakes?

Technically yes—but only certain weight distribution systems are designed to work safely with surge brakes.Most chain-style setups aren’t a good match because they can limit the back-and-forth movement your trailer needs to activate the surge brake actuator. Some manufacturers have rated their chain-style hitches as surge brake compatible, but there’s an important caveat: adding friction-style sway control bars to these systems typically makes them incompatible with surge brakes.To keep your braking system working as it should, it’s best to avoid using a chain/snap-up bracket system with surge brakes. These setups can interfere with how the brakes compress and respond.
Weight Distribution Hitch

5. What Are the Components of a Weight Distribution System?

A weight distribution system requires 5 main components in order to operate:
  • Trailer hitch receiver (class III, IV, or V) rated for use with weight distribution
  • Weight distribution shank (slides into trailer hitch)
  • Weight distribution head assembly
  • Spring bars
  • Frame brackets
Weight Distribution Hitch Components
Trailer Hitch Receiver

1. Trailer Hitch Receiver

The trailer hitch receiver attaches to the frame of your vehicle and provides the receiver opening that the weight distribution shank slides into.

2. Weight Distribution Shank

The weight distribution shank slides into your trailer hitch receiver and provides an attachment point for the weight distribution head assembly. Shanks are available in many lengths, drops, and rises to ensure your trailer is level with your vehicle.You can purchase a weight distribution hitch with a shank, or you can purchase a hitch without a shank and purchase the shank separately. Purchasing a shank separately would be a better choice, for instance, if you require a greater rise or drop than provided by the standard shank included in the kit.For more on finding your hitch rise or drop, check out our article below!
Weight Distribution Shank
Weight Distribution Head Assembly

3. Weight Distribution Head Assembly

The head assembly type will differ between systems, so most won't look exactly alike. However, all head assemblies will attach to the weight distribution shank, provide a place to mount the hitch ball for trailer hookup, and provide the spring bar attachment point. The head assembly will also be used to fine-tune the amount of leverage applied to the system. Many standard head assemblies have built-in platforms for mounting friction sway control bars. Friction sway control bars mount to a smaller ball on the side of the weight distribution head. Some heads only have ball holes for a right-side attachment. Others, like those pictured below, have dual platforms so that you can mount a sway control bar on either side (or both sides) of your trailer.Many premium systems also feature sway control points in the head assembly itself for the most stable ride.
Weight Distribution Head Assembly
Weight Distribution Head Assembly
Weight distribution head assembly with hitch ball and spring bars
Weight distribution head assembly with hitch ball and spring bars attached
Weight distribution head assembly with dual sway control
Weight distribution head assembly with dual sway control attachment points

4. Spring Bars

Spring bars apply leverage to your towing setup, distributing the load on the rear of your vehicle to all the axles on your tow vehicle and trailer. Spring bars come in round, trunnion, and square shapes. To learn more about spring bars, check out our article below (to get to the section on spring bars, you'll need to scroll a little ways down the page).
Weight Distribution Spring Bars
Weight Distribution Frame Brackets

5. Frame Brackets

Frame brackets mount to the frame of your trailer and are used to hold the spring bars in place.Various types of bracket designs are available. Standard weight distribution systems use a bracket and chain system to secure the spring bars to the trailer. However, many higher-end systems have specially designed sway-control brackets for additional trailer control.
Weight distribution standard snap-up bracket
Standard snap-up bracket
Friction sway control bracket
Friction sway control bracket
A weight distribution hitch can make all the difference when it comes to towing with safety, confidence, and control. Whether you're hauling your camper for a weekend getaway or towing a heavy load cross-country, the right WDH helps keep your setup level, your steering steady, and your trailer in line. If you’re still unsure which system is right for you, our team is here to help you find the perfect match for your towing needs!
Izzy B.

About Izzy B.

My journey with etrailer has had a number of twists and turns. I first started here in 2019 as a Summer Intern with our Content Department. I ended up enjoying the experience so much, that I came back to work at etrailer during several academic breaks throughout my college years. After some time away, I returned last Spring to work at our main warehouse, first as a Picker, and eventually on our Audit Team. Then, at the start of 2024, I was offered the chance to come aboard etrailer's Marketing Department, as a Writer for the Shopping Guide Team. Now, I help our neighbors by creating informational content to aid their shopping experience, ensuring they find the info, products, and solutions they need to get their own journeys underway!
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Chuck profile picture

Chuck

8/2/2025

I have and Anderson equalizer hitch and extended the shaft to 28 inches from mounting hole to top ball so I can lower my tailgate I used one your 2 inches 24 inch steel blanks had it welded to Anderson hitch portion which I cut ther shaft should I worry about trailer sway I have a single wheel RV which 5000 lbs loaded truck has factory sway system with air bags

Kate F. profile picture
Etrailer Expert

Kate F.

8/4/2025

@Chuck Since you extended the shank on your Andersen hitch to 28" so you can drop your tailgate, it might increase the chance of trailer sway a bit, especially because that longer reach gives sway forces more leverage. Your Andersen hitch has built-in sway control, and your truck's factory system and airbags definitely help, but with a single-axle 5,000 lb trailer, you’ll want to keep an eye on how it behaves, especially at highway speeds or in crosswinds. Just make sure the weld is solid, your loaded tongue weight is in the 10–15% range. I would like to mention that since you modified the Anderson hitch, it will void the warranty.
Chuck profile picture

Chuck

8/4/2025

@KateF. I’m going to an extra. gusset on it. I’ve had it hooked up to my trailer it is really solid. Thank you
Kate F. profile picture
Etrailer Expert

Kate F.

8/4/2025

@Chuck My pleasure Chuck! Adding an extra gusset is a great call, that'll stiffen things up even more and help counter any flex from that longer shank. If it already feels solid hitched up and tows smooth, you’re probably in great shape. Just keep an eye on it during your early trips, but it sounds like you’ve done a thoughtful, well-executed mod. Safe travels and enjoy that tailgate freedom!
Frank Z. profile picture

Frank Z.

7/18/2025

I have a 7000 Pound cargo tandem axle trailer with brakes. towing with a f150 with trailer brake controller and electronic sway control. Hitch is rated 500 lb without WDH 1150 with, GCWV is 13500lbs, curb weight of veheicle is 6060 lbs full tank and me in it. i am afraid the WDH will put to much stress on the trailers frame where it attaches. I have seen online where the WDH causes the frame to break, voiding my trailers warranty ?

Jerred H. profile picture
Etrailer Expert

Jerred H.

7/18/2025

@FrankZ Unless your cargo trailer's frame is aluminum or the manufacturer states not to use a weight distribution hitch you'll be ok. Why are you looking at getting one if you are already using electronic sway control? Are you still having issues with sway and/or is your F-150 sagging in the rear end? What is your F-150's maximum towing and tongue weight capacity? Not the hitch. The Equal-i-zer Weight Distribution System w/ 4-Point Sway Control item # EQ90-00-1200 is what I would recommend for you. Based off of what information you've provided.
Frank Z. profile picture

Frank Z.

7/18/2025

The issue is the 500 pound tongue weight max without a WDH . 1150 with WDH. 13500. GCWR. 7000 GVWR for trailer. 4880. Cargo weight max. I am afraid my trailer frame may not be strong enough. Some 7000 pound trailer can only carry 4200 to 4300 pounds cargo because there frame are more heavely built as I have observed. I will contact manufacturer. Very hard to find good advice on loading your cargo besides the vague 60/40 rule. But I found great video from Australia
Jerred H. profile picture
Etrailer Expert

Jerred H.

7/18/2025

@FrankZ
Esc profile picture

Esc

7/7/2025

I plan to tow a Travel Trailer, GVWR 5,500#, with a 2015 Nissan Frontier, SV, and WD hitch. I do not fill fresh water tank, carry empty gray and black tank or carry a lot of extra weight. It's just my wife and me. What is your thoughts?

Jameson C. profile picture
Etrailer Expert

Jameson C.

7/7/2025

@Esc Thoughts on if you're okay to tow your setup or are you looking for a WD system recommendation?
Esc profile picture

Esc

7/8/2025

@JamesonC Actually, I would like to know if this setup makes sense to you. I look at my truck then rig and wonder if it is doable even though the numbers show that it will.
Jameson C. profile picture
Etrailer Expert

Jameson C.

7/8/2025

@Esc You should be fine. What I found towing capacity wise for your Frontier shows that you have more capacity than you'd need for your trailer so you'd be good. Especially with the weight distribution system.
See All (6) Replies to Esc ∨
Dmg profile picture

Dmg

6/2/2025

I have a mid-size SUV rated to tow 5000# with a 500# tongue max. I am considering buying a trailer that weighs 3981# dry with a 467# hitch weight. Can you help narrow down my choices for WDH? Thank you!

Robin H. profile picture
Etrailer Expert

Robin H.

6/3/2025

@Dmg I would consider a different trailer. It sounds like you're giving me the dry tongue weight as well. At 467 lbs that won't include batteries or propane so with those installed you're already exceeding the capacity of the vehicle. Even if it does, putting pretty much anything in the trailer is going to take you over. If I'm wrong about that weight then check out the Equal-i-zer Weight Distribution System w/ 4-Point Sway Control # EQ37060ET. This system works with tongue weights ranging from 200-600 lbs so it will work well with that setup. Equal-i-zer makes a reliable, high quality system that you will definitely be happy with.
Mike profile picture

Mike

5/7/2025

Have a travel trailer with a weight distribution hitch but despite being well below the vehicles tow rating I'm still getting squat in the rear end. The current system has the labels peeled off but looks like the Curt Tru Track. Is it possible someone used to small of a WDH? Which hitch do you recommend for the below weights? Trailer GVWR 3900lbs Hitch weight 410lbs

Jerred H. profile picture
Etrailer Expert

Jerred H.

5/14/2025

@Mike That's a real low tongue weight so I would be surprised if your Curt Tru Track like item # C17499 was under capacity. I recommend looking at the installation instructions below and verifying you have it set up correctly. A replacement option that would definitely upgrade you to a higher quality system is going to be the Blue Ox SwayPro Weight Distribution w/ Sway Control for 2" Hitch item # BXW0550. This weight distribution hitch works with trailers up to 6,000 lbs and won't be too over-rated at 410 lbs. This system uses optimal points of tension to help prevent sway while it balances your trailer's load for a more level ride. The lift chains will provide for a quieter ride than spring bar brackets.